Oil burner



B. F. CASTLE Nov. 27, 1945.

O I L BURNER Filed July 16, 1943 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 '1 5 1 .Jllhlll i 2/ Z70, 110d ZgdFCQSZ Z ay 451,

OIL BURNER Filed July 16, 1943 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 H c H 7 m mm W W 4 W H g \w r ma 5 c a a 4 k 0L6 5 i .m mi J w W M M M o o a o u D o o w W U u m 0 O O m w o o 0 U o 0 0 AI\ 0M & 4 M o L..\.\ M

MW /31 U O H 0 O 0 4 llll/ z 1 O H 4 n M H H W 4 H g Q m w a M m M7 [m I;

Patented Nov. 27, 1945 Boyd F. Castle, Quincy, Ill.,

assignor to The Quincy Stove Manufacturing Company, Quincy, lll.,'a corporation of Illinois Application July 1c, 1943, Serial No. 494,963

7 Claims. 101. 158-91) trated one form of my invention. In such drawings,

Fig. 1 is a side elevation of the burner with the surrounding housing in section; and

Fig. 2 is a plan view with portions of the cap broken away;

Fig. 3 is a vertical section through the burner.

Like numerals refer to like elements throughout the drawings in which lll designates the base generally. The and is provided with an upstanding flange lllb, shouldered near its top at lllc to provide a seat for a sleeve member II. An aperture llld is provided in the bottom of the base l for passage of air. A secondflange llle extends upwardly from the base member l0 and a small shoulder I0 is provided inwardly of and at the bottom'of the flange llle.

The base, as illustrated is constructed to receive fuel oil and provides a chamber for oil and gases which is outwardly extended as indicated at lfla: and convexed so that the flow of oil will be outwardly for gasiflcation before it moves up Iwardly into the mixing and combustion chamers.

Oil or other fuel flows into the base In from a duct H, in communication with a source of supply and under such control or regulation as is desired. Anopening lllg is provided for ignition of the fuel.

Projectin upwardly from the flange lllb and The space between sleeve l2 and shell I3 is closed at the top by a cap l5 which is hollow and provided with outwardly directed aperture l5a in its periphery. -Said cap,is provided with shoulders or flanges I51) and IE0. Shell I3 is seated within flange lib and sleeve l2 within flange "'0, serving to support the cap IS. The

base lll comprises a bottom Illa bottom of the cap is apertured at lid and flanged around said aperture at lie to receive a depending tubular member l6, which extends downwardly to proximity with aperture llld.

The sleeve and shell are encased within a surrounding and spaced member comprising a tubular sheet metal element l'l, nested within the base flange, and resting upon the shoulder lllf. This element l'l extends part way up in parallelism to the sleeve and shell as illustrated in Fig. 3. Also a part of the encasing member is the sectional element l8, which is preferably formed of cast metal and corrugated, with the sections "in slightly overlapping and loosely connected by stove-bolts l9 or the like. This element l8 surrounds the element l1 and its corruupon the flange llle of the base member.

The oil burner unit may be suitably mounted in an enclosing drum 20 having a bottom mem ber 2| and provided with depending legs and feet 20a for support upon any suitable means permitting air to flow through the aperture 2la in member 2| and therefrom through base aperture llld.

When starting my improved burner, fuel is introduced to the chamber in the base and ignited through the hole lily. The fuel tends to flow towardthe outer periphery of said chamber into and around the extended portion lllx. As soon as sufficient heat is generated to vaporize or gasify the oil, such vapor or gas flows upwardly. Air moves into the sleeve which is closed at the top by the cap l5. Such movement, whether caused by the natural draft or by fan or both, effects a flow of the air through apertures l2a of sleeve l2 into and through the chamber between the sleeve and the shell" which is in the nature of a mixing chamber into which the gas or vapor flows. Due to the arrangement of the apertures l2a and l3a, and the velocity of the air flowing through apertures 12a, an aspirating effect is caused, such air being jetted and continuing its travel through apertures l3a. In its passage through the mixing chamber, the air commingles with the fuel gases and the aspiration of the jets of air and ga into the chamber between the sleeve l3 and the encasing members, which is in the nature of a combustion chamber, induces further flow of gas or vapor from the base lll.

. the pot.

It should be noted that cap l also serves to close the mixing chamber at the top.

When normal operation is attained, the jets of air and gas will burn cleanly and efllclently in the combustion chamber. When the oil supply is regulated for low fire," in the intervals of low heat demand, these jets will lie below the top of tubular member I1 and the heat of such jets, imparted to the tubular member, is conducted downwardly to the base member in and contributes materially to the gaslflcation of the oil. At the same time, the corrugated case member I8 is protected from impact of the burning jets during low fire operation, which is constant, and from lntermediatefirej if so desired. The passages formed by the corrugations of member l8 and the tubular member ll permit the flow of air upwardly between the ,two members on low fire. When a slight pressure is built up in the combustion chamber on high fire the products of combustion flow downward through the corrugations between these two members. This helps prevent high burning in the drum. It appears that jets will be burning from top to bottom of the shell l3 at high fire, while at low and intermediate fires, the jets at the upper and central portion or at the upper portion will not be contributing to the heating effect.

In short I am able, by control of my oil supply, to control the number and location of the burning jets, but the lowest or low fire jets are always burning and delivering heat. In principle, it is as if I were able to turn on or off at will the jets for high fire or for both high and intermediate fires by merely controlling the supply of oil.

The flange l3h, which I term a gas ring," serves to obstruct or impede flow of gases directly from the base chamber into the combustion chamber and prevents burning at the bottom of At high fire or even at intermediate fire, any unburned gases arising from the combustion chamber,-will encounter the jets of air issuing from the apertures l5a in cap l5 and will be scavenged, as it were.

The cast metal encasing sections We are capable of relative slip or movement when expanding or contracting and, by radiation, enhanc the heating effect of the device as well as the efficiency of operation. Also formation of carbon is prevented on such members due to the intense heat imparted to them at other than low fire operation. Being virtually out of contact with the base member, as described above, substantial heat transfer from such members to the base is prevented.

The extension of the tube l6 downwardly nearly to'th bottom of sleeve l2 demarcates the air for the cap apertures from the primary air 1. An oil burner comprising an open' toppedbase member having a fuel chamber and an aperture for passage of air, a sleeve mounted upon said base member in communication with said aperture, a co-axial shell spaced from said sleeve to form a mixing chamber therewith in communication with said fuel chamber, said sleeve and shell being provided with aligned apertures coacting to jet air from said base aperture'into and through said mixing chamber, and encasing means surrounding and spaced from said shell to form a combustion chamber therewith for receipt and combustion of air and gases flowing from said mixing chamber, said encasing means including a sectional member, the sections of said member being loosely associated to permit relative movement thereof.

2. An oil burner comprising an open topped base member having a fuel chamber and an aperture for passage of air, a sleeve mounted upon said base member in communication with said aperture, a co-axial shell spaced from said sleeve to form a mixing chamber therewith in communication with said fuel chamber, said sleeve and shell being provided with aligned apertures coacting to jet air from said base aperture into and through said mixing chamber, and encasing means surrounding and spaced from said shell to form a combustion chamber therewith for receipt and combustion of air and gases flowing from said mixing chamber, said encasing means including a sectional member supported by but largely out of contact with said base member.

3. An oil burner comprising an open-topped base member having a fuel chamber and an aperture for passage of air, a sleeve mounted upon said base member in communication with said aperture, a co-axial shell spaced from said sleeve to form a mixing chamber therewith in communication with said fuel chamber, said sleeve and shell being provided with aligned apertures coacting to jet air fromsaid base aperture into and through said mixing chamber, and encasing means surrounding and spaced from said shell to form a combustion chamber therewith for receipt and combustion of air and gases flowing from said mixing chamber, said encasing means including a tubular member partially nested in said base member in contact therewith and extending upwardly therefrom, and a second tubular member surrounding said first tubular member and projecting upwardly therefrom, said second tubular member being corrugated to form open-ended passages with said first tubular member.

4. An oil burner comprising an open-topped base member provided with an aperture for the passage of air, a flange extending upwardly from said base member around said aperture, a second flange extending upwardly from said base member surrounding and spaced from said first flange, said flanges substantially defining the opening in the top of said base member, a sleeve extending upwardly from said first flange, a shell surrounding and spaced from said sleeve to form a mixing chamber therewith, said sleeve and shell being provided with aligned apertures coacting to jet air from said base aperture into and through said mixing chamber, and encasing means extending upwardly from said second flange and spaced from said'shell to form a combustion chamber therewith for receipt and combustion of gases from said mixing chamber.

5. An oil burner comprising an open-topped base member-provided with an aperture for the passage of air, a fiange extending upwardly from said base member around said aperture, a second flange extending upwardly from said base member surrounding and spaced from said first flange, said flanges substantially defining the opening in the top of said base member, a sleeve extending upwardly from said first flange, a shell surrounding and spaced from said sleeve to form a mixing chamber therewith, said sleeve and shell being provided with aligned apertures coacting to jet air from said base aperture into and through said mixing chamber, and encasing means extending upwardly from said second flange and spaced from said shell to form a combustion chamber therewith for receipt and combustion of gases from said mixing chamber, said encasing means comprising a tubular member contacting said second flange and a sectional member surrounding said tubular member and supported by said second flange.

6. An oil burner comprising an open-topped base member provided with an aperture for the passage of air, a flange extending upwardly from said base member around said aperture, a second flange extending upwardly from said base member surrounding and spaced from said first flange, said flangesesubstantially defining the opening in the top of said base member, a sleeve extending upwardly. from said first flange, a shell surrounding and spaced from said sleeve to form a mixing chamber therewith, said sleeve and shell being provided with aligned apertures coacting to jet air from said base aperture into and through said mixing chamber, and encasing means extending upwardly from said second flange and spaced from said shell to form a combustion chamber therewith for receipt and combustion of gases from said' mixing chamber, said encasing means comprising a tubular member contacting said second flange and a sectional member surrounding said tubular member and supported by said second flange, said sectional member being spaced in part from said supporting flange and corrugated to form open ended passages with said tubular member.

7. An oil burner comprising an open-topped base member having a fuel chamber and an aperture for passage of air, a sleeve mounted upon said base member in communication with said aperture, a co-axial shell spaced from said sleeve to form a mixing chamber therewith in communication with said fuel chamber, said sleeve and shell being provided with aligned apertures coacting to jet air from said base aperture into and through said mixing chamber, and encasing means surrounding and spaced from said shell to form a combustion chamber therewith for receipt and combustion of air and gases flowing from said mixing chamber, the fuel chamber in said base member being extended beyond said encasing means, the bottom of said base member being outwardly and downwardly inclined whereby fuel will be urged to flow into said extended portion of said base chamber.

BOYD 

